suppose you have IP
10.100.1.1
100.1.1.1
172.16.2.1
192.168.1.10
Now tel me can you understand how many Host and network ...?
some question now in your mind
1 What is valid IP
2 how many host in all IP
3 how many network in all IP
4 what the Subnetmask
Ans :- too understand all these thing we use CLASS
Class A Address
The first bit of the first octet is always set to 0 (zero). Thus the first octet ranges from 1 – 127, i.e.
Class A addresses only include IP starting from 1.x.x.x to 126.x.x.x
only.
The IP range 127.x.x.x is reserved for loopback IP addresses.
The default subnet mask for Class A IP address is 255.0.0.0 which implies that Class A addressing can have
126 networks (2
7-2) and
16777214 hosts (2
24-2).
Class A IP address format is thus:
0NNNNNNN.HHHHHHHH.HHHHHHHH.HHHHHHHH
Class B Address
An IP address which belongs to class B has the first two bits in the first octet set to 10, i.e.
Class B IP Addresses range from 128.0.x.x to 191.255.x.x. The default subnet mask for Class B is 255.255.x.x.
Class B has
16384 (2
14) Network addresses and
65534 (2
16-2) Host addresses.
Class B IP address format is:
10NNNNNN.NNNNNNNN.HHHHHHHH.HHHHHHHH
Class C Address
The first octet of Class C IP address has its first 3 bits set to 110, that is:
Class C IP addresses range from 192.0.0.x to 223.255.255.x. The default subnet mask for Class C is 255.255.255.x.
Class C gives
2097152 (2
21) Network addresses and
254 (2
8-2) Host addresses.
Class C IP address format is:
110NNNNN.NNNNNNNN.NNNNNNNN.HHHHHHHH
Class D Address
Very first four bits of the first octet in Class D IP addresses are set to 1110, giving a range of:
Class D has IP address rage from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255. Class
D is reserved for Multicasting. In multicasting data is not destined
for a particular host, that is why there is no need to extract host
address from the IP address, and Class D does not have any subnet mask.
Class E Address
This IP Class is reserved for experimental purposes only for R&D
or Study. IP addresses in this class ranges from 240.0.0.0 to
255.255.255.254. Like Class D, this class too is not equipped with any
subnet mask.
next slide.... Class_less Subnetting
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